一种食品添加剂能让你“见好就收”,将成为减肥新宠
2016/7/9 1:28:17 世界医疗科技资讯

     对于多数吃货来说,既要迈开腿,还要管住嘴简直比登天都难。可是那大肚腩怎么办呢?高血糖怎么办呢?

    

     据报道英国伦敦帝国理工学院的科学家开发出了一种食品添加剂,这个东东特殊就特殊在可以切断你对高热量食物,也就是垃圾食品的欲望。比如披萨啦甜甜圈啦,但是却丝毫不会影响你对健康食物的胃口。

     这种添加剂名为菊粉丙酸酯(inulin-propionate ester),在经过20名志愿者测试后发现,这种添加剂不仅导致志愿者对垃圾食品的欲望降低,关键是,竟然连他们的食量也变小了。

    

     现在这项研究还处于早期试验阶段,所以我们暂且还不能太兴奋。研究人员表明这种物质由肠道细菌产生,当你摄入的食物足够多时,肠道细菌会分泌这种物质,将信息反馈给你的大脑:嘿伙计,你已经吃饱了!

     研究团队发现,如果人食用名为菊粉的膳食纤维会增加肠道中这种物质的产量,作用于你的大脑,让你停止吃东西。

     研究者对菊粉进行了改造,产生了这种名为菊粉丙酸酯的物质,这种物质可以促使肠道细菌产生之前的2.5倍的丙酸酯。

     这种物质是如何影响人的胃口呢?研究者招募了20名志愿者,让这些志愿者喝下了含10克菊粉丙酸酯的奶昔。之后研究者给这些志愿者以及对照组展示各种高热量或低热量的食物,比如沙拉、鱼或者巧克力和蛋糕,并在MRI下观察大脑的活动情况。

     研究显示,那些服用了菊粉丙酸酯的志愿者在看到垃圾食品后,大脑的奖励区域(大脑中的阿肯柏氏核和尾状壳核)的活跃程度低于对照组。

     这些区域与大脑对食物的欲望有关,所以,这些结果显示,服用了菊粉丙酸酯的志愿者降低了对垃圾食品的欲望。这个结果与志愿者表述的对垃圾食品没有之前那么着迷的结果一致。

     之后,研究者给志愿者一碗有番茄汁的披萨,并告知他们想吃多少就吃多少,结果显示,服用了菊粉丙酸酯的人食用量比对照组低10%。

     由此可见,这种添加剂不仅能让人对高热量食物欲望下降,而且食量也能变小。

     “我们之前的研究结果表明,吃含有这种成分的人不易发胖,但我们并没有找到原因。”首席研究员Gary Frost说。“这次的研究算是填补了之前的空白。”

     科学家们还表明,一些人的肠道细菌可能会比其他人更容易获得丙酸酯,这就可以解释为什么有些人容易保持苗条的身材,而有些人更容易发胖。

     正如之前所说,这还是一个小型研究,所以科学家们需要再进一步研究菊粉丙酸酯与食欲之间的联系,而且他们已经在着手研究了,以更好的服务社会——如果添加这个成分可以让人减少对垃圾食品的消费欲望。

    

     我们似乎已经看到了希望......

     该研究结果已经发表在《美国临床营养学杂志》上。

     http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/early/2016/05/11/ajcn.115.126706.short?rss=1#rd&sukey=3997c0719f151520ba2f373173f4a13bb9d5180ea878299ceef1a48e87341a080ce942d254341af1b26724838d572b44

     Increased colonic propionate reduces anticipatory reward responses in the human striatum to high-energy foods1,2,3

     Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), metabolites produced through the microbial fermentation of nondigestible dietary components, have key roles in energy homeostasis. Animal research suggests that colon-derived SCFAs modulate feeding behavior via central mechanisms. In humans, increased colonic production of the SCFA propionate acutely reduces energy intake. However, evidence of an effect of colonic propionate on the human brain or reward-based eating behavior is currently unavailable.

     Objectives: We investigated the effect of increased colonic propionate production on brain anticipatory reward responses during food picture evaluation. We hypothesized that elevated colonic propionate would reduce both reward responses and ad libitum energy intake via stimulation of anorexigenic gut hormone secretion.

     Design: In a randomized crossover design, 20 healthy nonobese men completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) food picture evaluation task after consumption of control inulin or inulin-propionate ester, a unique dietary compound that selectively augments colonic propionate production. The blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) signal was measured in a priori brain regions involved in reward processing, including the caudate, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, anterior insula, and orbitofrontal cortex (n = 18 had analyzable fMRI data).

     Results: Increasing colonic propionate production reduced BOLD signal during food picture evaluation in the caudate and nucleus accumbens. In the caudate, the reduction in BOLD signal was driven specifically by a lowering of the response to high-energy food. These central effects were partnered with a decrease in subjective appeal of high-energy food pictures and reduced energy intake during an ad libitum meal. These observations were not related to changes in blood peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose, or insulin concentrations.

     Conclusion: Our results suggest that colonic propionate production may play an important role in attenuating reward-based eating behavior via striatal pathways, independent of changes in plasma PYY and GLP-1. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00750438.

    

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