【文献解读】循环肿瘤细胞在未来的诊断和治疗中的作用
2017/7/28 创新医学网

    

     文章来源：欧尔意 OAE 微信号

     作者：Sofina

    

     原文出处

     Potdar PD, Lotey NK. Role of circulating tumor cells in future diagnosis and therapy of cancer. J Cancer Metastasis Treat 2015;1:44-56.

     DOI:10.4103/2394-4722.158803.

     摘要

     循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)已经成为肿瘤学家讨论的一个热门话题，因其在诊断和治疗癌症方面有着巨大的潜力。在过去的几年里，肿瘤学家们在这一领域进行了大量的研究来了解CTCs从肿瘤中脱落并在血液中循环的过程。这一过程也可能发生在癌症的早期阶段。CTCs隔离的主要限制是它们在有限数量上的可用性。因此，许多技术已经被开发并在不断改进为了提高CTC隔离和有效数据的效率。CTCs不仅显示了肿瘤的存在，而且还显示了它的核心信息。它们也被证明在检测初级组织中出现的小细胞群很有用，这些小细胞群可能最终会导致该疾病的治疗或复发。因此，在治疗恶性肿瘤时，检测和确定CTCs的特征肯定会成为不可避免的一步。在这篇综述中，我们解读CTCs的基本原理，包括在血液中循环的隔离、检测、特征和分子机制。我们主要侧重于CTCs在诊断和治疗四种最常见类型的癌症，即乳腺癌，前列腺癌，肺癌和结肠直肠癌中的意义。这篇综述提供了关于不同恶性肿瘤的大部分研究进展的报道，以及它们在预测疾病预后方面的可能应用，从而实现了个性化医疗的概念。

     关键词：肿瘤干细胞，循环肿瘤细胞，上皮细胞间质转型，转移，分子标记，个性化医疗。

     Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have become a blistering topic of discussion for oncologists because of their tremendous potential in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Over the past few years, they have been doled with quite an amount of research in this area understanding that CTCs are shed from tumors and circulate in the bloodstream. This process can also occur at an early stage of cancer. The major limitation in isolation of CTCs is their availability in limited numbers. Hence, many techniques have been developed and are under continuous improvement to enhance their efficacy of CTC isolation and enumeration. They have shown their potentiality to not just indicate the presence of a tumor but also to provide us with its core information. They have also proven to be useful in detecting minor subgroups of cells present in the primary tissue which might eventually be the cause of treatment resistance or relapse of the disease. Hence, detecting and characterizing CTCs can definitely become an inevitable step in treating solid tumor malignancies. In this review, we have tried to comprehend the basics of CTCs including isolation, detection, characterization, and molecular mechanism of their circulation in the blood stream. We have mostly focused on the significance of CTCs in diagnosis and therapies of four most common types of cancers, namely, breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal. This review provides the coverage of most of the advancements with regards to different tumor malignancies and their probable use in predicting outcomes of the disease to realize the concept of personalized medicine.

     Key words: Cancer stem cells, circulating tumor cells, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, metastasis, molecular markers, personalized medicine.

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