【文献解读】中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病中胼胝体的神经影像学改变
2017/8/31 创新医学网

    

     文章来源：欧尔意 OAE 微信号

     作者：Sofina

    

    

    原文出处

     Etemadifar M, Neshatfar A, Zamani AA, Salari M. Neuroimaging of corpus callosum in central nervous system demyelinating disorders.Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2017;4:69-77.

     DOI: 10.20517/2347-8659.2017.02

    

    摘要

     胼胝体(CC)是大脑中最大的白质结构，由2-2.5亿对侧大脑半球交叉过来的轴突组成。它是人类大脑半球主要的联系通路。胼胝体的病理学改变涵盖了各种各样的病因，包括先天、炎症、肿瘤、退变、感染等等。本研究回顾了在中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病中人类胼胝体最可靠的神经影像学数据，以促进对不同胼胝体病理学实体的认识，及其在可能的预后结果的评估作用。在对胼胝体的正常解剖和功能进行简要描述后，本综述审查了使用常规和功能性核磁共振成像获得的最有价值的发现；还阐述了胼胝体特征如何影响脱髓鞘疾病预后因素的最有序的发现，这对于选择合适的治疗方法具有很大的价值。另外，作者也简要回顾了其他的非自身免疫性的病理因素引起的脱髓鞘疾病。总之，作者通过不同的影像学图像展示了胼胝体作为大脑的重要一部分，对中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的临床评价，应该通过不同的成像方法来探讨，以扩大我们对此类疾病的病理学和临床模式的认识。

     关键词：胼胝体、中枢神经系统、脱髓鞘疾病、神经影像学、述评

     Corpus callosum (CC) is the largest white matter structure in the brain, consisting of 200-250 million contralateral axonal projections. It is the major commissural pathway connecting the hemispheres of human brain. The pathology of CC includes wide variety of entities that arise from different causes such as congenital, inflammatory, tumoral, degenerative, infectious, etc. This study reviews the most reliable neuroimaging data of human CC in central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating diseases to facilitate the understanding of different pathological entities of the CC and their role in anticipation of probable prognostic findings. After a brief description of normal anatomy and functions of CC, this review examines the most valuable findings obtained using conventional and functional magnetic resonance imaging. It also demonstrates the most well organized findings of how CC features influence prognostic factors of demyelinating disorders, which could have a great value for choosing proper therapy methods. The authors also provided a brief review of other demyelinating disorders which are primarily caused by other pathological factors other than autoimmunity. As a conclusion, the authors showed the importance of CC as an critical part of the brain, which should be explored by different methods of imaging, correspondent to clinical evaluation of CNS demyelinating disorder to widen our knowledge on pathology and clinical patterns of such disorders.

     Key words:Corpus callosum, central nervous system, demyelinating diseases, neuroimaging, review

    

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     http://nnjournal.net/article/view/1887

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     Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation旨在报道神经免疫学与神经炎症最新研究进展，为该领域的研究学者和临床医生提供一个国际性学术交流平台。自2014年6月创刊以来，期刊读者遍布全球172个国家和地区，已在线发表文章161篇。诚挚欢迎您向我刊投稿，如有疑问，请邮件：nn_editor001@nnjournal.net。

    

     中文摘要由编委，福建医科大学、福建省立医院神经内科陈兴泳博士提供。中文内容仅供参考，一切以英文原版为准。

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